What are the 9 grounds of discrimination? (2023)

What are the 8 main types of discrimination?

What are the 9 protected characteristics?

Protected characteristics

These are age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation.

What are the 4 ways you can be discriminated?

There are four main types of discrimination: Direct discrimination, indirect discrimination, harassment and victimisation.

What are the 9 characteristics of the Equality Act 2010?

What are the 12 areas of discrimination?

discrimination in employment on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction, social origin, sexual orientation, age, criminal record, trade union activity, medical record, marital status, disability or impairment.

What are the 10 prohibited grounds of discrimination?

3 (1) For all purposes of this Act, the prohibited grounds of discrimination are race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been ...

What counts as discrimination?

1. What is employment discrimination? Employment discrimination generally exists where an employer treats an applicant or employee less favorably merely because of a person's race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability or status as a protected veteran.

What are the 3 types of discrimination?

The Equality Act only protects people who have a disability against these types of discrimination: Direct discrimination. Discrimination arising from disability. Indirect discrimination.

How do you recognize discrimination?

How can you prove you were discriminated against?

You should be able to provide the person's name, their race, sex, approximate age, or other appropriate characteristic related to the legal coverage. You should know were they worked, who their supervisor was, and the job they did. You should also be able to tell EEOC how they were treated as compared to you.

What are the two ways to prove discrimination?

A plaintiff may prove employment discrimination with direct or circumstantial evidence. In either case, courts evaluate the evidence as a whole.

What is the most common form of discrimination?

The most prevalent forms of discrimination in the workplace seen today are race and national origin. Discrimination based on national origin occurs when a business is opened by persons of one nationality who then discriminate in their hiring practices by only hiring other persons of their own nationality.

What is unfair discrimination?

Unfair discrimination occurs when an employer shows favour, prejudice or bias for or against a person on a prohibited ground, including a person's race, gender, sex, pregnancy, marital status, family responsibility, ethnic or social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, HIV status, conscience, ...

What does the Equality Act 2010 protect against?

Overview. The Equality Act 2010 legally protects people from discrimination in the workplace and in wider society. It replaced previous anti-discrimination laws with a single Act, making the law easier to understand and strengthening protection in some situations.

What does victimisation mean?

Victimisation is when someone treats you badly or subjects you to a detriment because you complain about discrimination or help someone who has been the victim of discrimination.

What types of discrimination are illegal?

Under the laws enforced by EEOC, it is illegal to discriminate against someone (applicant or employee) because of that person's race, color, religion, sex (including gender identity, sexual orientation, and pregnancy), national origin, age (40 or older), disability or genetic information.

What are the 7 forms of discrimination?

What are the five prohibited grounds of discrimination?

These grounds include primarily the grounds of colour, ethnic origin, ancestry, place of origin, citizenship and creed (religion).

What are the 17 grounds of discrimination?

The grounds are: citizenship, race, place of origin, ethnic origin, colour, ancestry, disability, age, creed, sex/pregnancy, family status, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, receipt of public assistance (in housing) and record of offences (in employment).

What are specific grounds for discrimination?

(3) The state may not unfairly discriminate directly or indirectly against anyone on one or more grounds, including race, gender, sex, pregnancy, marital status, ethnic or social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, conscience, belief, culture, language and birth.

What are listed grounds of discrimination?

No person may unfairly discriminate, directly or indirectly, against an employee, in any employment policy or practice, on one or more grounds, including race, gender, sex, pregnancy, marital status, family responsibility, ethnical social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, HIV status, ...

What are some examples of indirect discrimination?

For example, if you're Jewish and observe the Sabbath, you can't work on Saturdays. It doesn't matter that there aren't any other Jewish people who work in the same shop. It can still be indirect discrimination if something would normally disadvantage people sharing your characteristic.

What is it called when your manager treats you unfairly?

In the employment context, differential treatment often means that an employer treats a group of employees differently from other groups because of specific characteristics that they are unable to change. If your employer engages in differential treatment, it may be unlawful if it is for a discriminatory purpose.

What is personal harassment?

Personal Harassment

Any behavior that makes the victim's work environment insulting or intimidating is included. Personal harassment can take many forms like: Unsuitable comments. The humiliation of the self. Hurtful jokes.

What are the 14 protected categories?

What is a real life example of discrimination?

The dentist says she is not prepared to treat her anymore because of her behaviour. The dentist is refusing Jeannette a service because of behaviour related to her disability. This may be discrimination arising from disability.

What is direct evidence of discrimination?

Direct evidence is evidence that, if true, directly proves a fact. For example, an email from the contractor's director instructing supervisors not to hire women into certain jobs or a statement by a manager that “we don't hire women here” would constitute direct evidence of discrimination against women.

How do you know if you are being treated unfairly at work?

What are the chances of winning a discrimination case?

95% of EEOC district court cases are successful, though this number can be misleading. The reality is that only 17.4% of the EEOC's closed workplace discrimination charges result in a resolution for a client.

What are 3 direct discrimination examples?

Do you need proof of discrimination?

The burden of proof in a discrimination case is on the claimant. This means that the employer doesn't have to prove that they didn't discriminate against you. It's your job to prove that the reason for your demotion or dismissal was discriminatory and not some other reasons.

Is discrimination hard to prove?

Proving employment discrimination can often be difficult because evidence of discrimination tends to be hard to come by. However, there are a few ways wronged employees can make their claims in court and get their case in front of a jury.

Who has the burden of proof in a discrimination lawsuit?

An employment discrimination lawsuit is adjudicated in civil courts. This means that the plaintiff, in such cases, the employee, has the burden of proof. In other words, he or she must show evidence that there was discrimination in the workplace.

How do you tell if your boss is discriminating against you?

How do you prove a hostile work environment?

The crux of proving a hostile work environment case is evidence of the harassment. You should preserve any e-mails or voicemails that demonstrate harassing language. These communications do not have to take place at home, as any harassing treatment that extends from the workplace to your home qualifies as evidence.

What qualifies as a hostile work environment?

A hostile work environment exists when the harassment is so severe and pervasive that it alters your ability to do your job. The behavior must be more than just offensive; it must be objectively abusive. The harasser can be anyone in the workplace, including a supervisor, coworker, or even a customer or client.

What rights are you violating when you discriminate?

Equality

The right to equality includes not to be discriminated against, directly or indirectly, based on race, gender, pregnancy, marital status, ethnic or social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, conscience, belief, culture, language and birth.

What are two examples of unfair treatment in the workplace?

Here are just a few examples of unfair treatment at work:

Creating offensive comments, emails or social media posts about an employee. Demoting, transferring, or dismissing an employee without a fair, disciplinary process. Paying women lower wages for doing the same job, because of their sex.

What are the 13 grounds of discrimination?

3 (1) For all purposes of this Act, the prohibited grounds of discrimination are race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been ...

What is fair discrimination simple?

Fair discrimination involves measures that are. designed and implemented to advance previously. disadvantaged persons2. Legislation sets out four. grounds upon which discrimination is generally.

What is associative discrimination?

Associative discrimination is the legal term that applies when someone is treated unfairly because either someone they know or someone they are associated with has a certain protected characteristic under the Equality Act 2010.

Is anxiety a disability under the Equality Act?

An employee is considered to have a disability under the Equality Act 2010 if they have a physical or mental impairment which has a substantial long-term adverse effect on their ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. This can include depressive and anxiety-related impairments.

What is direct and indirect discrimination?

direct discrimination - treating someone with a protected characteristic less favourably than others. indirect discrimination - putting rules or arrangements in place that apply to everyone, but that put someone with a protected characteristic at an unfair disadvantage.

What is it called when you are singled out at work?

Differential treatment based on "protected class," such as race, gender, religion or nationality, is where you get into legal trouble. The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) describes disparate treatment – being singled out at the workplace because of your protected class – as illegal.

What is unfair treatment at work?

Unfair treatment can take many forms. It can include illegal harassment and discrimination based on a “protected characteristic” such as age, disability, pregnancy, gender identity, sexual orientation, race, religion, color, nationality, or sex.

What are the signs of victimization?

What are the signs of victimization? Some of the signs and symptoms include stress, shock, numbness, helplessness, vulnerability, disorientation, anger, fear, frustration, confusion, guilt, grief, and many more. Shame is often accompanied by the feeling of victimization.

What are the 7 grounds of discrimination?

These include mainly the grounds of colour, ethnic origin, ancestry, place of origin, citizenship and creed (religion). Depending on the circumstances, discrimination based on race may cite race alone or may include one or more related grounds.

What is the most common discrimination?

The most prevalent forms of discrimination in the workplace seen today are race and national origin. Discrimination based on national origin occurs when a business is opened by persons of one nationality who then discriminate in their hiring practices by only hiring other persons of their own nationality.

What are the main types of discrimination?

What is needed to prove discrimination?

To make a claim for discrimination you must show that you suffered an adverse employment action, such as demotion, termination, or failure to hire, because you are a member of protected class, i.e. due to your age, sex, race, disability, religion, sexual orientation, familial status, and a few other classifications.

What qualifies as discrimination?

1. What is employment discrimination? Employment discrimination generally exists where an employer treats an applicant or employee less favorably merely because of a person's race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability or status as a protected veteran.

What are unlawful grounds of discrimination?

Under discrimination law, it is unlawful to treat a person less favourably on the basis of particular protected attributes such as a person's sex, race, disability or age. Treating a person less favourably can include harassing or bullying a person.

What are examples of unfair discrimination?

Unfair discrimination: is dealt with under the Employment Equity Act. Examples of this are – race, gender, ethnic or social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age and disability, etc. Discrimination can be direct or indirect. These disputes go to the Labour Court and the Employment Equity Act applies.

What is an unfair treatment?

Unfair treatment means any actions or decisions an individual feel has been biased against them and has resulted in an outcome that otherwise would have been different, had the treatment been unbiased.

What are the 4 elements of unfair discrimination?

What are the 2 forms that discrimination takes?

Discrimination can take on many different forms, both indirect and direct, and can occur in any environment. In the workplace, employment discrimination can occur even before a person works for an organization or company.